LAGOS, Nov 11 (NNN-AGENCIES) — In a move Nigeria’s president hailed as a “landmark moment”, Africa’s largest oil producer approved legislation to bolster its share of revenues from international majors.
The authorities say the amendment — heralded as the biggest change in decades to its production sharing deals — will bring billions of dollars into state coffers as the country belatedly claims an “equitable share” of its vast natural resources.
The changes redraw the Deep Offshore (and Inland Basin Production Sharing Contract) Act which had been in force since it was passed in 1993 when Nigeria was under military rule.
The law mandated that the split of revenues between the state and the international oil firms should be reviewed if prices climbed over $20 per barrel.
But while crude has soared far above that point over the past two decades, a revision of the formula for revenue sharing was never carried out.
Buhari’s government have accused previous Nigerian lawmakers of having vested interests in making sure the bulk of oil revenues remained in private hands.
The new law sets a staggered “royalty rate” on crude oil sold above $20 — rising to the highest rate of 10 percent if the price reaches more than $150 a barrel — with the revenue due to the government increasing in line with oil price rises.
In a second revenue stream, oil companies will also pay a flat tax of 10 percent on off-shore fields and 7.5 percent on inland fields, within specified depths.
Buhari’s office has estimated the change will bring in at least $1.5 billion in added revenue by 2021.
As oil prices slid in recent years, meaning a drop in revenue for the government, Nigeria has been steadily increasing pressure on some of the world’s biggest energy companies — Shell, Exxon Mobil, Chevron Eni, Total and CNOOC — who extract most of the crude oil in Nigeria.
About half of government spending is reliant on income from oil sales.
Major oil companies have long been accused of having a cosy relationship with lawmakers in Africa’s largest economy.
Despite large oil and gas reserves, the majority of people in Africa’s most populous country live in extreme poverty, on less than $1.90 a day.
Since the 2000’s there have been repeated calls to amend the 1993 law — but until the latest push the measures failed to get past Nigerian lawmakers.
A report by the Nigeria Extractive Industries Transparency Initiative said if contracts with oil companies were reviewed in 2008 Nigeria would have earned at least $16 billion in extra government revenue over the following decade. — NNN-AGENCIES
